Skin Fold Measurements
The test methodology for body fat estimation with skin fold measurements requires the use of a "caliper device" to measure the thickness of substantial fat stores. The assumption is that substantial fat is proportional to over all body fat and thus by measuring several sites total body fat may be calculated.
There are many site measurements where skin fold measurements can be taken. Currently over 100 different equations are available to estimate body fat with the use of skin fold calipers. The wide variety of equations reflects the problem with the accuracy of this methodology.
There are many limitations with the Skin Fold measurement technique. The validity of skin fold measurements is at best ±6% compared to the hydrostatic tank. Because of the inaccuracy associated with skin fold calipers, many credible organizations such as the U.S. Army and the Los Angeles Police Department have abandoned the use of them. (Stevens 1983)
Inter-operator Error
The estimation results obtained from skin fold measurements vary widely from technician to technician. The "art" of skin fold measurements requires the technician to properly identify a site measurement and pinch the skin gathering only the fat store and no other tissue. The error of estimate between technicians has been reported to be ±8%. (Smith, 1977)
Fat Storage
The assumption that 50% of human body fat is located in subcutaneal tissues and the remaining 50% is found in intra-muscular and essential fat (around organs) is not universally valid. Body fat distribution and health risk varies depending on genetics, exercise and nutritional patterns. (Cooper, et al, 1978)
Fat Thickness and Density
The obese population represents unique limitations for skin fold measurements. Skin fold calipers cannot open wide enough to measure the total fat thickness, thus tends to grossly under estimate body fat percentage in the obese population. Also of concern, especially in the obese population, is the compression of fat by the caliper due to variances in fat density. Again, this tends to inaccurately estimate percent fat in the obese, the population where accuracy is most important.
Measurements- Skin Fold
This method is the most widely used body composition testing method of assessing percent body fat. Equipment used for this assessment includes a skin fold caliper. A skin fold caliper is designed specifically for simple accurate measurement of subcutaneous tissue. Beneath the skin is a layer of subcutaneous fat, and the percentage of total body fat can be measured by taking the ‘skin fold’ at selected points on the body.
The tester pinches the skin at the appropriate site to raise a double layer of skin and the underlying adipose tissue, but not the muscle. The calipers are then applied 1cm below and at right angles to the pinch and a reading taken 2 seconds later at the same site. The mean of two measurements should be taken. If the two measurements differ greatly, a third should then be done.
The average man has 15 to 17% body fat, while the average woman is between 18 and 22%. Typical scores for elite athletes are 6 to 12% for men and 12 to 20% for women. Either a 7 or 3 site skin fold may be assessed.
Refrences:
GFFI Fitness Academy | Growth for fitness instructor fitness training ...
www.gffi-fitness.org/
Provides courses in yoga, pilates, and general fitness. Includes nutritional resources, home study outlines, and contact details in India, USA and UK.
2 Google reviews · Write a review
35, NWA, Punjabi Bagh Club Road, 110026 -India, West Punjabi Bagh, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi, DL
098 11 309667
About us - Employment at GFFI - Work Shops
GFFI Fitness Academy | Technical Team
www.gffi-fitness.org/technical-team/
Neelima Agnihotri is the member of technical team of GFFI Fitness Academy.
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 2/11/13
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www.gffi-fitness.org/work-shops/
As the World's most popular upcoming fitness educator, GFFI is certifying ...
You've visited this page 3 times. Last visit: 8/10/13
Neeraj BMXStrength ® (Fitness_Alive) on Twitter
https://twitter.com/Fitness_Alive
GFFI FITNESS ACADEMY- A Recognized Academy for Continuing Education and Certification for Fitness Professionals and Enthusiasts. INDIA, USA, UK ...
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 30/10/13
Step Aerobic Class by GFFI Fitness Academy - YouTube
► 2:29► 2:29
www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXPdHM3KziM
Jun 29, 2012 - Uploaded by neeraj mehta
Step Aeobic Class by Neeraj Mehta (Master Trainer GFFI Fitness Academy), with the group... GFFI Fitness ...
GFFI Fitness Academy | Growth for fitness instructor fitness training ...
www.gffi-fitness.org/
Provides courses in yoga, pilates, and general fitness. Includes nutritional resources, home study outlines, and contact details in India, USA and UK.
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 2/11/13
Gold's Gym Fitness Institute
www.goldsgymindia.com/ggu.asp?GID=7
It offers certificate courses in Fitness Management, Personal Training and ... Why choose the Gold's Gym Fitness Institute Certified Personal Trainer Program?
Personal Trainer Certification | ACE | American Council on Exercise
www.acefitness.org › Fitness Certifications
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The Gym - Pitampura, 1. Kohat Enclave, Pitampura Near Kohat Metro Station New Delhi - 110034 INDIA.
Kohat Enclave, Pitampura, New Delhi, DL
011 4245 1115
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Google+ page
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088 60 597637
The Fitness Trainer in Delhi, Gym in Delhi, Fitness center in Delhi
www.fitnesstrainerindia.com
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Old JNU Campus, Munirka
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098 11 944494
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flexappeal.co.in
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C – 699, Basement, Near Ramphal Chowk, Sector – 7, Dwarka
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098 71 879761
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011 2696 4705
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Google+ page
Level - 12, Building No. 8, Tower-C, DLF Cybercity Phase II, Gurgaon
Gurgaon, HR
088 60 303967
Indiasupplement.com
www.indiasupplement.com
1 Google review
WP- 482, 1st Floor, Wazirpur, Ashok Vihar
New Delhi, DL
011 4553 7333
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Talwalkars Training Academy, Spreading fitness in over 70 cities
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We have complete training centre offering aspiring candidates to providing cutting-edge programming and educational information to be health and fitness ...
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INDIAN ACADEMY OF FITNESS TRAINING SPECIALIZES IN IMPARTING FITNESS TRAINING TO STUDENTS IN INDIA.
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Reebok India Company organizes instructor programs several times a year in over eight centers to educate the fitness professionals on safe exercise programs.
YMCAfit: Personal Trainer Courses & Gym Instructor Fitness Careers
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Jump to Purpose of personal training - [edit]. Personal trainer assessing a client's goals and needs as they write a fitness program. The scope of practice ...GFFI Fitness Academy in Delhi - Grotal.com
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GFFI Fitness Academy in Punjabi Bagh, Delhi listed under Gymnasiums with Address, contact number, reviews. Call 08888888888 for GFFI Fitness Academy in ...
The test methodology for body fat estimation with skin fold measurements requires the use of a "caliper device" to measure the thickness of substantial fat stores. The assumption is that substantial fat is proportional to over all body fat and thus by measuring several sites total body fat may be calculated.
There are many site measurements where skin fold measurements can be taken. Currently over 100 different equations are available to estimate body fat with the use of skin fold calipers. The wide variety of equations reflects the problem with the accuracy of this methodology.
There are many limitations with the Skin Fold measurement technique. The validity of skin fold measurements is at best ±6% compared to the hydrostatic tank. Because of the inaccuracy associated with skin fold calipers, many credible organizations such as the U.S. Army and the Los Angeles Police Department have abandoned the use of them. (Stevens 1983)
Inter-operator Error
The estimation results obtained from skin fold measurements vary widely from technician to technician. The "art" of skin fold measurements requires the technician to properly identify a site measurement and pinch the skin gathering only the fat store and no other tissue. The error of estimate between technicians has been reported to be ±8%. (Smith, 1977)
Fat Storage
The assumption that 50% of human body fat is located in subcutaneal tissues and the remaining 50% is found in intra-muscular and essential fat (around organs) is not universally valid. Body fat distribution and health risk varies depending on genetics, exercise and nutritional patterns. (Cooper, et al, 1978)
Fat Thickness and Density
The obese population represents unique limitations for skin fold measurements. Skin fold calipers cannot open wide enough to measure the total fat thickness, thus tends to grossly under estimate body fat percentage in the obese population. Also of concern, especially in the obese population, is the compression of fat by the caliper due to variances in fat density. Again, this tends to inaccurately estimate percent fat in the obese, the population where accuracy is most important.
Measurements- Skin Fold
This method is the most widely used body composition testing method of assessing percent body fat. Equipment used for this assessment includes a skin fold caliper. A skin fold caliper is designed specifically for simple accurate measurement of subcutaneous tissue. Beneath the skin is a layer of subcutaneous fat, and the percentage of total body fat can be measured by taking the ‘skin fold’ at selected points on the body.
The tester pinches the skin at the appropriate site to raise a double layer of skin and the underlying adipose tissue, but not the muscle. The calipers are then applied 1cm below and at right angles to the pinch and a reading taken 2 seconds later at the same site. The mean of two measurements should be taken. If the two measurements differ greatly, a third should then be done.
The average man has 15 to 17% body fat, while the average woman is between 18 and 22%. Typical scores for elite athletes are 6 to 12% for men and 12 to 20% for women. Either a 7 or 3 site skin fold may be assessed.
Refrences:
GFFI Fitness Academy | Growth for fitness instructor fitness training ...
www.gffi-fitness.org/
Provides courses in yoga, pilates, and general fitness. Includes nutritional resources, home study outlines, and contact details in India, USA and UK.
2 Google reviews · Write a review
35, NWA, Punjabi Bagh Club Road, 110026 -India, West Punjabi Bagh, Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi, DL
098 11 309667
About us - Employment at GFFI - Work Shops
GFFI Fitness Academy | Technical Team
www.gffi-fitness.org/technical-team/
Neelima Agnihotri is the member of technical team of GFFI Fitness Academy.
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 2/11/13
GFFI Fitness Academy | Work Shops
www.gffi-fitness.org/work-shops/
As the World's most popular upcoming fitness educator, GFFI is certifying ...
You've visited this page 3 times. Last visit: 8/10/13
Neeraj BMXStrength ® (Fitness_Alive) on Twitter
https://twitter.com/Fitness_Alive
GFFI FITNESS ACADEMY- A Recognized Academy for Continuing Education and Certification for Fitness Professionals and Enthusiasts. INDIA, USA, UK ...
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 30/10/13
Step Aerobic Class by GFFI Fitness Academy - YouTube
► 2:29► 2:29
www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXPdHM3KziM
Jun 29, 2012 - Uploaded by neeraj mehta
Step Aeobic Class by Neeraj Mehta (Master Trainer GFFI Fitness Academy), with the group... GFFI Fitness ...
GFFI Fitness Academy | Growth for fitness instructor fitness training ...
www.gffi-fitness.org/
Provides courses in yoga, pilates, and general fitness. Includes nutritional resources, home study outlines, and contact details in India, USA and UK.
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 2/11/13
Gold's Gym Fitness Institute
www.goldsgymindia.com/ggu.asp?GID=7
It offers certificate courses in Fitness Management, Personal Training and ... Why choose the Gold's Gym Fitness Institute Certified Personal Trainer Program?
Personal Trainer Certification | ACE | American Council on Exercise
www.acefitness.org › Fitness Certifications
There are thousands of reasons why people decide to pursue a career as a personal trainer. With an ACE Personal Trainer Certification you are guaranteed a ...
The Gym
www.thegym.in
2 Google reviews
The Gym - Pitampura, 1. Kohat Enclave, Pitampura Near Kohat Metro Station New Delhi - 110034 INDIA.
Kohat Enclave, Pitampura, New Delhi, DL
011 4245 1115
Personal Trainer
www.vjpersonaltrainer.weebly.com
Google+ page
Vasant Vihar
New Delhi, DL
088 60 597637
The Fitness Trainer in Delhi, Gym in Delhi, Fitness center in Delhi
www.fitnesstrainerindia.com
1 Google review · Google+ page
Old JNU Campus, Munirka
New Delhi, DL
098 11 944494
Flex Appeal Fitness Centre
flexappeal.co.in
Google+ page
C – 699, Basement, Near Ramphal Chowk, Sector – 7, Dwarka
New Delhi, DL
098 71 879761
Poorna Yoga Studio Delhi
www.poornayoga.in
1 Google review
C12 Gulmohar Park Annexxe, (By Appointment Only)
New Delhi, DL
011 2696 4705
Togaf Training Certification
www.gooditmanagement.com
Google+ page
Level - 12, Building No. 8, Tower-C, DLF Cybercity Phase II, Gurgaon
Gurgaon, HR
088 60 303967
Indiasupplement.com
www.indiasupplement.com
1 Google review
WP- 482, 1st Floor, Wazirpur, Ashok Vihar
New Delhi, DL
011 4553 7333
See results for fitness trainer course on a map »
Talwalkars Training Academy, Spreading fitness in over 70 cities
www.talwalkars.net/trainingAcademy.aspx
We have complete training centre offering aspiring candidates to providing cutting-edge programming and educational information to be health and fitness ...
Indian Academy of Fitness Training - Home
www.iaftworld.com/
INDIAN ACADEMY OF FITNESS TRAINING SPECIALIZES IN IMPARTING FITNESS TRAINING TO STUDENTS IN INDIA.
Reebok Fitness Trainer Program
www.reebok-training.com/reebokoffer.php?offerID=22
Reebok India Company organizes instructor programs several times a year in over eight centers to educate the fitness professionals on safe exercise programs.
YMCAfit: Personal Trainer Courses & Gym Instructor Fitness Careers
www.ymcafit.org.uk/
YMCAfit offer a whole range of routes for you to start your fitness career: personal trainer training, gym instructor courses, exercise to music instructing and more.
Personal Trainer Certification – NGA – National Gym Association ...
www.nationalgym.com/
National Gym Association – Non For Profit Organization that specializes in all natural bodybuilding and certification for professional fitness trainers. Leaders in ...
Health & Fitness Center,ACE Personal Trainer Course In India ...
www.classicfitnessgroup.com/
Fitness is an important aspect for any individual to live disease free and stress free life. We are providing Fitness Courses In India, ACE Personal Trainer Course ...
Personal trainer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_trainer
Jump to Purpose of personal training - [edit]. Personal trainer assessing a client's goals and needs as they write a fitness program. The scope of practice ...GFFI Fitness Academy in Delhi - Grotal.com
www.grotal.com/Delhi/GFFI-Fitness-Academy-C44/
15+ items - Heading: GFFI Fitness Academy, City: Delhi, Results: GFFI ...
GFFI Fitness Academy. Rohini. Plot No 1, Rupali Enclave, Karala ...
GFFI Fitness Academy. Punjabi Bagh. Plot No 35, 1st Floor, North West ...
www.gffi-fitness.org WebSite 44 399715 - Grotal.com
www.grotal.com/www.gffi-fitness.org_infoss_bggj@y_Se.aspx
Very much useful information of www.gffi-fitness.org in the form of mailing address, contact detail like phone number, mobile number, email address and a ...
GFFI FITNESS ACADEMY | Facebook
https://www.facebook.com/pages/GFFI-FITNESS.../289551614388769
GFFI FITNESS ACADEMY. 33 likes · 0 talking about this. University.
Gffi-fitness.org Site Info - Alexa
www.alexa.com › Health › Fitness › Certification
gffi-fitness.org is ranked number 5694641 in the world according to the Alexa Traffic Rank.
You've visited this page many times. Last visit: 26/9/13
GFFI Fitness Academy in Punjabi Bagh, Delhi | Gymnasiums | Justdial
www.justdial.com/.../GFFI-Fitness.../011PXX11-XX11-120312142849-...
GFFI Fitness Academy in Punjabi Bagh, Delhi listed under Gymnasiums with Address, contact number, reviews. Call 08888888888 for GFFI Fitness Academy in ...
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